1988 Summer Olympics medal table
| 1988 Summer Olympics medals | |
|---|---|
 Kristin Otto of East Germany won the most gold medals at the 1988 Summer Olympics, winning six gold medals in women's swimming. | |
| Location | Seoul,  South Korea |
| Highlights | |
| Most gold medals |  Soviet Union (55) |
| Most total medals | Soviet Union (132) |
| Medalling NOCs | 52 |
The 1988 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Seoul, South Korea, from 17 September to 2 October 1988. A total of 8,397 athletes representing 159 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in 237 events in 23 sports across 31 different disciplines.[1][2][3] Table tennis was introduced to the Summer Olympic Games program at these games,[4] while tennis was reintroduced following its removal after the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.[5]
Overall, athletes representing 52 NOCs received at least one medal, and 31 NOCs won at least one gold medal. The Soviet Union won the most gold medals and the most overall medals, with 55 and 132 respectively.[6] Suriname's team won their first Olympic gold medal, which was also their first Olympic medal of any color.[7] The other teams that earned their first Olympic medal were Costa Rica,[8] Djibouti,[9] Indonesia,[10] the Netherlands Antilles,[11] Senegal,[12] and the United States Virgin Islands.[13]
Swimmer Kristin Otto of East Germany won the most gold medals for an individual at the games, with six gold medals.[14] Fellow swimmer Matt Biondi of the United States won the most overall medals, winning seven medals with five golds, one silver, and one bronze, tying Mark Spitz's record of most medals won in a single games.[15]
Medals table
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The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC conventional sorting in its published medal tables. The table uses the Olympic medal table sorting method. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won, where a nation is an entity represented by a NOC. The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals.[16][17] If teams are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their IOC country code.[18]
Events in boxing resulted in a bronze medal being awarded to each of the two competitors who lose their semi-final matches, as opposed to fighting in a third place tie breaker.[19] Events in judo used a repechage system which also results in two bronze medals being awarded.[20]
In the gymnastics events, there were five ties for medals. Three gold medals and no silver or bronze medals were awarded due to a three-way first-place tie in the men's pommel horse. Two gold medals and no silver medal were awarded in the men's horizontal bar and men's rings, with the former also having a tie for bronze. Two bronze medals were awarded in the men's floor and women's balance beam events.[21] Outside of gymnastics, the men's high jump in athletics and women's 50 metre freestyle in swimming both resulted in two bronzes being awarded due to third-place ties.[22][23]
* Host nation (South Korea)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soviet Union | 55 | 31 | 46 | 132 |
| 2 |  East Germany | 37 | 35 | 30 | 102 |
| 3 |  United States | 36 | 31 | 27 | 94 |
| 4 | South Korea* | 12 | 10 | 11 | 33 |
| 5 |  West Germany | 11 | 14 | 15 | 40 |
| 6 |  Hungary | 11 | 6 | 6 | 23 |
| 7 |  Bulgaria | 10 | 12 | 13 | 35 |
| 8 |  Romania | 7 | 11 | 6 | 24 |
| 9 |  France | 6 | 4 | 6 | 16 |
| 10 |  Italy | 6 | 4 | 4 | 14 |
| 11 |  China | 5 | 11 | 12 | 28 |
| 12 |  Great Britain | 5 | 10 | 9 | 24 |
| 13 |  Kenya | 5 | 2 | 2 | 9 |
| 14 |  Japan | 4 | 3 | 7 | 14 |
| 15 |  Australia | 3 | 6 | 5 | 14 |
| 16 |  Yugoslavia | 3 | 4 | 5 | 12 |
| 17 |  Czechoslovakia | 3 | 3 | 2 | 8 |
| 18 |  New Zealand | 3 | 2 | 8 | 13 |
| 19 |  Canada | 3 | 2 | 5 | 10 |
| 20 |  Poland | 2 | 5 | 9 | 16 |
| 21 |  Norway | 2 | 3 | 0 | 5 |
| 22 |  Netherlands | 2 | 2 | 5 | 9 |
| 23 |  Denmark | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 24 |  Brazil | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 25 |  Finland | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
 Spain | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
| 27 |  Turkey | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 28 |  Morocco | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 29 |  Austria | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Portugal | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
 Suriname | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 32 |  Sweden | 0 | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 33 |  Switzerland | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 34 |  Jamaica | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 35 |  Argentina | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 36 |  Chile | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Costa Rica | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Indonesia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Iran | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Netherlands Antilles | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Peru | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Senegal | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Virgin Islands | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 44 |  Belgium | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
 Mexico | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| 46 |  Colombia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Djibouti | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Greece | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Mongolia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Pakistan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Philippines | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Thailand | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Totals (52 entries) | 241 | 234 | 264 | 739 | |
Changes due to doping
[edit]- Key
※ Disqualified athlete(s)
| Ruling date | Sport/Event | Athlete (NOC) | 
|
|
|
Total | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 September 1988 | Weightlifting, Men's 56 kg |
Bulgaria (BUL) |
−1 | −1 | Mitko Grablev was disqualified after testing positive for furosemide and became the first doping case of the 1988 Summer Olympics. The medals were then reallocated with Okzen Mirzoyan of the Soviet Union awarded the gold, He Yingqiang of China the silver, and Liu Shoubin of China the bronze.[24][25] | ||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | |||||
China (CHN) |
+1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
China (CHN) |
+1 | +1 | |||||
| 24 September 1988 | Weightlifting, Men's 67.5 kg |
Bulgaria (BUL) |
−1 | −1 | Angel Genchev was disqualified after testing positive for furosemide, with the gold medal being awarded to Joachim Kunz of East Germany, the silver medal to Israel Militosyan of the Soviet Union, and the bronze medal to Li Jinhe of China. After Grablev and Genchev were stripped of their titles, Bulgarian officials commented that they condemned the usage of drugs in sport.[25][26] | ||
East Germany (GDR) |
+1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | |||||
| +1 | +1 | ||||||
| 27 September 1988 | Athletics, Men's 100 metres |
Canada (CAN) |
−1 | −1 | Three days after Ben Johnson won the 100 metres title and set a world record of 9.79 seconds, Park Jong-sei of the IOC's Olympic Doping Control Center saw that Johnson's urine sample tested positive for stanozolol. Johnson was subsequently disqualified with Carl Lewis of the United States awarded the gold and the world record transferred to him, Linford Christie of Great Britain awarded the silver, and Calvin Smith of the United States awarded the bronze.[27][28] | ||
United States (USA) |
+1 | −1 | 0 | ||||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | |||||
| +1 | +1 | ||||||
| 28 September 1988 | Weightlifting, Men's 100 kg |
Hungary (HUN) |
−1 | −1 | Andor Szanyi, who originally won the silver medal in the men's 100 kg event in weightlifting two days before, tested positive for stanozolol and was disqualified afterwards. The silver was then awarded to Nicu Vlad of Romania and the bronze was awarded to Peter Immesberger of West Germany.[29][30] | ||
| +1 | −1 | 0 | |||||
| +1 | +1 |
| NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Net Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bulgaria (BUL)
|
-2 | 0 | 0 | −2 |
| Canada (CAN)
|
-1 | 0 | 0 | -1 |
| China (CHN)
|
0 | +1 | +1 | +2 |
| East Germany (GDR)
|
+1 | -1 | 0 | 0 |
| West Germany (FRG)
|
0 | 0 | +1 | +1 |
| Great Britain (GBR)
|
0 | +1 | -1 | 0 |
| Hungary (HUN)
|
0 | -1 | 0 | -1 |
| Romania (ROM)
|
0 | +1 | -1 | 0 |
| Soviet Union (URS)
|
+1 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
| United States (USA)
|
+1 | -1 | +1 | +1 |
References
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- ^ "100 years of Irish Olympic Boxing: the team of Seoul, 1988". Irish Athletic Boxing Association. 18 July 2024. Archived from the original on 14 December 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "Olympic Summer Games". Belarus Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 21 August 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "Table Tennis' Smashing Debut at Seoul 1988". International Table Tennis Federation. 24 June 2024. Archived from the original on 16 July 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "History of Tennis at the Olympic Games" (PDF). International Olympic Committee. 19 October 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Seoul 1988 Olympic Medal Table – Gold, Silver & Bronze". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 11 September 2024. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
- ^ Maese, Rick (28 July 2024). "A legend in Suriname, Anthony Nesty calms the waters as U.S. swim coach". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 28 July 2024.
- ^ a b "Panam Sports Legends: Sylvia Poll". Panam Sports. 10 December 2018. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "Djibouti's 42 kilometre run to Olympic glory". International Olympic Committee. 6 October 2020. Archived from the original on 16 August 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "Sport-by-sport". Orlando Sentinel. 2 October 1988. Retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Jan Boersma: Without a sailing federation to winning Olympic silver for Netherlands Antilles". International Olympic Committee. 10 November 2020. Archived from the original on 16 August 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "Africa Olympic stories: Amadou Dia Ba, Senegal's solo medallist". BBC Sport. 3 August 2020. Archived from the original on 18 August 2020. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ a b Kiser, Bill (22 July 2021). "Life Changing Medal: Nearly 33 years later, Peter Holmberg is still USVI's only Olympic medalist". The Virgin Islands Daily News. Archived from the original on 22 July 2021.
- ^ "E. German swimming wins record sixth gold". Press & Sun-Bulletin. Associated Press. 26 September 1988. Retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Biondi wins seventh medal". Press & Sun-Bulletin. Associated Press. 26 September 1988. Retrieved 14 December 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Ostlere, Lawrence (11 August 2024). "Olympic medal table: USA beat China to top spot at Paris 2024". The Independent. Archived from the original on 12 August 2024. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
- ^ Araton, Harvey (18 August 2008). "A Medal Count That Adds Up To Little". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
- ^ Cons, Roddy (10 August 2024). "What happens if two countries are tied in the Olympic medal table? Tiebreaker rules explained". Diario AS. Archived from the original on 11 August 2024. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
- ^ Ansari, Aarish (1 August 2021). "Explained: Two bronze medals are awarded in the Olympics boxing competition". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
- ^ Nag, Utathya (21 June 2024). "Repechage in wrestling and other sports explained – the second chance". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 2 August 2024. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
- ^ "Seoul 1988 Gymnastics Artistic Results". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 19 August 2024. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "Seoul 1988 Athletics high jump men Results". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 9 October 2024. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "Seoul 1988 Swimming 50m freestyle women Results". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 9 October 2024. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ "Bulgarians lose a gold". The Sacramento Bee. 23 September 1988. Retrieved 19 December 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "2nd 'lifter stripped of gold medal". Ottawa Citizen. Reuters. 24 September 1988. Retrieved 19 September 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Lightweight (≤67½ kilograms), Men". Olympedia. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
- ^ Rachini, Mouhamad (4 May 2024). "Disgraced Canadian sprinter Ben Johnson still believes he has a place among the greats". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 27 August 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "100 metres, Men". Olympedia. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "Weightlifting silver medalist Andor Szanyi of Hungary failed his..." United Press International. 28 September 1988. Archived from the original on 14 December 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
- ^ "Seoul 1988 Weightlifting 90 100kg firstheavyweight men Results". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 30 November 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
